Starting level and typical ranges
These ranges use the starting level alone, before any adjustments, for someone with no criminal record unless the column says otherwise. Most real cases add levels.
| Starting point | Level | Trial | Guilty plea | Plea + zero-point | Category IV, plea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demanding or receiving ransom money, the starting point | 23 | 46–57 months | 33–41 months | n/a | 51–63 months |
The 2-level zero-point reduction is generally not available for this kind of offense, because it usually involves violence, a credible threat or a weapon (§4C1.1(a)(3), (a)(7)).
Important details
- If the person took part in the kidnapping itself, the kidnapping guideline applies instead (§2A4.2(b)(1)). Taking part means being criminally responsible for it, even without a conviction.
- This guideline already covers attempts, so the usual 3-level attempt reduction does not apply.
- The calculator does not apply mandatory minimum sentences set by statute for this offense. If the statute of conviction requires one and it is higher than the range shown, the minimum controls; check the statute or ask a lawyer.
Frequently asked questions
What is the base offense level for demanding or receiving ransom?
The guideline for demanding or receiving ransom is §2A4.2 of the federal Sentencing Guidelines. Its starting level is 23, before any adjustments.
What is the guideline range for demanding or receiving ransom with no criminal history points and a guilty plea?
Using the starting level alone, a person with no criminal history points who pleads guilty scores 33–41 months (2 years, 9 months to 3 years, 5 months). Adjustments such as role in the offense or obstruction can change the level, and the judge can sentence outside the range.
Is probation possible for demanding or receiving ransom?
Not under the guidelines. Even at the starting level with a guilty plea the range is in Zone D, where the minimum must be served in prison, though a judge may vary below it.
Is the calculator accurate for demanding or receiving ransom?
It follows §2A4.2 of the Guidelines Manual effective November 1, 2025. It passed 5 review rounds, each comparing every number, rule and label with the manual text, and its last round found nothing to correct. Those reviews were done with AI tools, not by lawyers, and it has not yet been reviewed by an attorney, so mistakes are possible. The guidelines are advisory, and a lawyer who knows the case can tell you what actually applies.
Related offenses
- Aircraft Piracy (Hijacking)Hijacked an aircraft, or tried toVerified
- Interfering with a Flight CrewInterfered with a flight crew or transit, or flew a drone unsafelyVerified
- Crimes Aboard an AircraftCommitted a crime such as assault or theft on board an aircraftVerified
- Threatening or Harassing CommunicationsThreatened or harassed someone, made a hoax, or filed false liensVerified
- Stalking and Interstate Domestic ViolenceStalked someone, or crossed state lines to commit domestic violenceVerified
- First-Degree MurderKilled someone in a planned killing, or during a serious felonyVerified
- Second-Degree MurderKilled someone on purpose or with extreme recklessness, but unplannedVerified
- Voluntary ManslaughterKilled someone in the heat of the momentVerified